DIRASAH: Jurnal Kajian Islam

Palestina dalam Pusaran Sejarah dan Solidaritas Umat Islam

Azwar Azwar — 2025-07-05

The Israel-Palestine conflict is one of the most complex and prolonged issues in modern history, particularly within the context of the Islamic world. This study aims to examine the historical roots of the establishment of the state of Israel and the loss of Palestinian sovereignty, explain the main dynamics of the conflict from the 20th century to the present, analyze the response of the Islamic world, and evaluate the various efforts made toward conflict resolution. Using a descriptive-qualitative method and a historical approach, this research relies on literature review from academic works, official documents, and other credible sources. The findings show that the conflict is rooted in colonialism, the Zionist project, and Western policies following the fall of the Ottoman Caliphate. The declaration of the establishment of Israel in 1948 marked the beginning of open conflict and a humanitarian tragedy for the Palestinian people. The Islamic world generally demonstrates moral and religious solidarity with Palestine, though concrete actions among Islamic countries often lack unity. Peace efforts made over the past decades have frequently faced obstacles due to political interests and power imbalances. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of this conflict requires a historical, political, and humanistic approach in order to promote a just and sustainable resolution for all parties involved.

Ushul al-Ikhtilaf dalam Masalah Ijtihadiyah: Telaah Kritis atas Pemikiran Ibnu Taimiyah

Muhammad Ikhsan — 2025-07-05

Ibn Taymiyyah is widely recognized as one of the key figures in the renewal (tajdid) of Islamic thought. Despite the controversies surrounding his views, his contributions to the formulation of principles governing differences of opinion (Ushul al-Ikhtilaf) remain significant. This study aims to examine Ibn Taymiyyah’s concept of Ushul al-Ikhtilaf. It employs a qualitative approach using interpretative-hermeneutic analysis of documentary data. The findings reveal that Ibn Taymiyyah viewed differences in ijtihadi matters as a natural aspect of Islamic legal dynamics, provided they are based on valid Shariah grounds. He emphasized several key principles: no condemnation should occur without clear evidence, coercion in matters of differing opinions is not allowed, judgment and social ostracism must be avoided, and mujtahids who err in their ijtihad deserve excuse and reward if their efforts are sincere and based on valid interpretation. Even in error, a mujtahid should not be declared disbeliever or sinner. Nonetheless, granting such excuse does not negate the obligation to explain the truth in a scholarly and balanced manner for the sake of preserving the purity of the religion and the public good. Thus, Ibn Taymiyyah’s perspective on Ushul al-Ikhtilaf promotes a scholarly, tolerant, and just approach in addressing differences among Muslims.

Kekaisaran Utsmani hingga Era Erdoğan: Jejak Perubahan Identitas Islam dalam Sejarah Turki

Andi Wawan Mulyawan — 2025-07-05

This study aims to examine the historical and ideological transformation of Turkey, from the Ottoman Empire as a symbol of Islamic glory to the Republic of Turkey founded on secular principles. The study covers the origins and development of the Ottoman Empire, the internal and external factors leading to its collapse, the ideas and reforms of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the forms of secularization implemented in state life, the resilience of Islamic values amid the tide of secularism, the impact of secularization on Turkish society, and the contemporary dynamics between secularism and the resurgence of Islamism. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with historical and analytical approaches. The historical approach traces the journey of the Ottoman Empire until its fall and the establishment of the modern Turkish Republic, while the analytical approach is used to assess secularization policies and their impacts on society. The findings reveal that Turkey has undergone major transformations in its political, social, and cultural systems. Although secularism has been thoroughly applied, Islamic identity has persisted and continues to flourish within society. The process of secularization has succeeded in driving rapid modernization, yet it has also generated tensions between the state and religious groups. In the contemporary context, Turkey serves as a battleground between Atatürk’s legacy of secularism and the growing aspirations of Islamism expressed through democratic means.